How to List References on Your Resume

by Alexandra Woodford

When you’re drafting your resume, many still wonder, “Do I need to include references?” And the short answer: not always. But when you do include them, it’s important to do it right. References can be the cherry on top of a strong application, showing employers that you have a network of professionals who can vouch for your skills and character.

Let’s clear up some confusion to ensure your resume is working as hard as you do!

Do You Need References on Your Resume?

Most of the time, employers don’t expect or require references on the resume itself. Instead, they may ask for them later in the hiring process. Because your resume’s job is to spotlight your skills and achievements. Adding references too soon eats up valuable space that could showcase what really sells you.

Tip: Unless the job posting specifically requests references on your resume, keep them separate. Instead, prepare a clean reference sheet to share when asked.

How Many References Should You Have?

Three to five is the sweet spot. This gives hiring managers a well-rounded view of your professional background without overwhelming them. We suggest you aim for the following:

One former manager or supervisor who can speak to your work ethic and results.
One colleague or team member who knows your collaboration style.
One client or external partner (if applicable) who can highlight your professionalism.
If tracking down one or two of these ideal references feels tricky, don’t stress. Look for other professionals (like professors or professional mentors) who can speak to the same qualities

What Information Should You Include?

When listing references, clarity is key. Each entry should include:

Full Name
Job Title
Company Name
Phone Number
Email Address
Relationship to You (e.g., Former Manager at XYZ Company)

Here’s an example:

Jane Smith
Senior Marketing Manager, ABC Corp
Phone: (555) 123-4567 | Email: jane.smith@abccorp.com
Description: Jane was my direct manager while I worked as a marketing manager for ABC Corp from 2020 to 2023.

How to Ask Someone to Be a Reference

Never surprise someone by listing them without permission. Reach out first—ideally by phone or email—and explain the role you’re applying for. This gives them context and time to prepare a glowing recommendation.

Sample ask:

Hi [Name], I’m applying for a [Job Title] role at [Company]. Would you feel comfortable serving as a reference? I’d be happy to share details about the position so you can highlight relevant skills.

Where to Put References on Your Resume (If Required)

If the job posting does ask for references on your resume, add them at the bottom under a header like ‘References.’ Keep it simple and professional like the following:

References
Available upon request

If they want names listed, include two or three entries formatted like the example from the previous section.

Before You Hit Send

When you’re applying for multiple roles, you’re likely tailoring your resume (and your references) for each opportunity. As you make those edits, keep these essentials in mind:”

Keep it current: Double-check that contact info is accurate.
Choose wisely: Select people who know your work and can genuinely speak to their experience with you.
Give a heads-up: Let your references know when you’ve shared their info so they’re ready for a call.

Your resume gets you noticed but your references can seal the deal. Approach them thoughtfully, and you’ll stand out in any hiring process!